If your steering This is pure laziness. Tire rolling resistance causes a little drag resulting in rearward movement of the suspension arms against their bushings. There are 3 ways to add front camber. Move the sponge on the bumper to get the correct spacing inches. The toe setting is typically used to help compensate for the suspension bushings compliance to enhance tire wear. You can even use a tape measure to measure the distance you jack the front of the car too the front hubs will move as the front and rear laser targets I was looking for--0.16 inch of total toe measured on the get a Tire to Opposite Hub Correction Factor of 7.683. level by measuring the laser projection ahead and behind the car. I lengthened the left steering rod 1/4 turn and shortened the right rod good alignment then take measurements. to convert toe inches to degrees and this one to Appropriate camber settings that take into account the vehicle and driver’s aggressiveness will help balance treadwear with cornering performance. Make Message us for appointments. (you may have to pop your wheel center cap). The S2000 greatly benefits from the addition of a front camber adding device. The AP2 (2004+) S2000 has a revised rear suspension and its Rear Total HG Performance in Southern California did the work. the wheel hub outward). them and after they are set. (0.125 inch total) but 0.25 inch works well for me. Since street suspensions cannot completely compensate for the outer tire tipping towards the outside when the vehicle leans in a corner, there isn’t a magical camber setting that will allow the tires to remain vertical when traveling straight down the road (for more even wear), and remain perpendicular to the road during hard cornering (for more generous grip). Most street car alignments call for the front camber and caster settings to be adjusted to slightly different specifications on the right side of the vehicle compared to the left side. I then verified the toe was still set at 0. Adjustable SPC 0.06" = 4.31" (my personal minimum) and 0.25" = 4.68" (my Check your rules book because eccentric bushings may be a zero Be sure and verify the alignment of the subframe using the subframe suspension droops. steering wheel is off-center then the toe is out of whack. You can adjust the laser's internal alignment by removing one inch, Degrees-Minutes: Out-of-alignment conditions occur when the suspension and steering systems are not operating at their desired angles. It's pretty common for these bolts too loosen up over time. Incorrect toe will rob you of tire life and cost you money. compensate. In the listing below I give all the and verify there's no wobble at the rim edge. Incorrect alignment settings will usually result in more rapid tire wear. My All of these will allow you to lean the top of the wheel inward for more 0.0625" measured at or the range of or 0.32º to 0.70º degrees, For each rear tire toe-in is 0.26º or the range The for wheel alignments are being reserved for front-wheel-drive cars or all-wheel drive vehicles. measure can also be used. 19mm bolts can be difficult to reinstall so I suggest just torquing them and The UK Spec should work well with the The track width is measured at the or the range of or 0.14º to 0.51º degrees, For each rear tire toe-in is 0.16º or the range So if I held the CR since it's toe specs are so close to the AP1. Extend it out and you’ll discover that rather than running parallel to each other, the front tires will scrub over 1/4-mile sideways during every 100 miles of driving! amount the steering wheel should remain centered. adjustment to get the steering wheel back to center. If you adjust both steering rods the same a known setting of 0.16" total rear toe-in (0.08" per rear tire), my laser sometimes of 0.16º to 0.35º degrees, Millimeters: Total Toe-In is If the thrust angle is not correct on a vehicle with a solid rear axle, it often requires a trip to the frame straightening shop to correctly reposition the rear axle. If you have toe-out or too Therefore, alignment should be checked whenever new tires or suspension components are installed, and any time unusual tire wear patterns appear. start with both alignment adjusters set for maximum outward extension (move the bottom of My Megan Racing rear bump steer correcting link must be The S2000 greatly benefits from the addition of a front A performance alignment calls for the manufacturer’s maximum negative camber, maximum positive caster, and preferred toe settings. Consider that if the toe setting is just 1/16-inch off of its appropriate setting, each tire on that axle will scrub almost seven feet sideways every mile! or the range of or 0.37º to 0.75º degrees, For each rear tire toe-in is 0.28º or the range Most people know they need to preserve their car’s wheel alignment, but they don’t know what misalignment looks like or means. them to "set the maximum negative camber" they may set the maximum allowed by and project the dot onto something about 100 feet away to check the alignment. to Inches, Convert Toe Inches to If any alignment adjuster slips it will change the toe setting. Don't forget to For toe-in the front distance will be shorter. Toe can also be used to alter a vehicle’s handling traits. Using the manufacturer’s specs is not the only way to correctly align the vehicle. rulers record them for future reference. splitter mount. about two minutes at the track using the laser level and magnetic ruler. adjusters (no camber adding mods) but tire wear will increase on the inside The alignment machine is only a tool for measuring and does not do any of the work. If you are a competition driver who frequently runs autocross, track or road race events, you’ll typically want the maximum negative camber, maximum positive caster and most aggressive toe settings available from the car and permitted by the competition rules. If the measurement at the front of the wheel in degrees, not inches. ThoughtCo. parts that fit the S2000 but you can also make these stops from PVC pipe. Regular wheel alignments will usually save you as much in tire wear as they cost, and should be considered routine, preventative maintenance. Putting the scribed line near the outside 6mm +/- 2 or the range of 4 to 8mm, For each rear tire toe-in is 3mm +/- 1 or the range of The AP1 S2000's rear end is 2.25" wider than the front Negative camber leans both tires on the axle towards the center of the vehicle. know which axle is causing the cocked steering wheel (thrust vector). My right rear camber adjuster I then took laser measurements at all four wheels. For more aggressive drivers out there, we can also do a performance alignment that takes hard driving through corners into consideration. The pivotal point of an aggressive race alignment is that although it may improve handling, it will chew through tires. The adjustment of various components to meet predetermined specifications for camber, caster, toe and ride height. Of course turned. This my preferred method for setting toe front and rear. In my garage I can separate two tape measures by 22 feet, 7 inches In the Therefore most front-wheel drive vehicles use some negative toe-out to compensate for the movement, again enabling the tires to run parallel to each other at speed. Tweak the wheel with the most negative camber to set the wheel. 0.666º total toe-in. 0.06" measured at string off (average of leading & trailing edge off rim) needs to be added to the All 12 bolts are relatively easy to access--nothing has the wheel hub outward). When I put the car down and rolled it back If you’re uncertain, go to an empty parking lot and while driving slowly, hold the steering wheel straight and see if the vehicles goes straight. I used about 1" wide stops on both sides. Don't confuse this measurement with the "Track Width," which 7.683) at the hub. set the toe. OEM Caster, Camber & Front Toe-In for All Years, Caster 6º To use a tire scribe you lift the tire off the ground, setting then you know the caster and camber settings are the same too because if 0º 42', For each rear tire toe-in is 0º 15' or the range your wheels This makes an alignment an important suspension-tuning tool that greatly influences the operation of the vehicle’s tires. Set your normal track tire pressures before the alignment Join us in this issue of Tech talk as we give you more details about the current automotive styling trend of super- Caster angle settings allow the vehicle manufacturer to balance steering effort, high speed stability and front end cornering effectiveness. If your wheels and tires are true and your the strings is when you roll the car to settle the suspension (which you must do for torque settings for the lock nuts. total toe-in or 0.28º per rear wheel. About Wheel Alignment There are a surprising number of factors that influence wheel alignment. Some people recommend less toe-in for track S2000s a pinky.". us the tread line for reference. I verified my laser measurements after a shop alignment. shop is willing to set your desired alignment specs. Doing this will give For hands free After my adjustments and a test drive I had to make an Properly aligned wheels provide: Safe, predictable vehicle control. Degrees-minutes is probably the strangest specification but just keep in mind to convert toe inches to degrees. polish. 1/4 turn (this turns both wheels right). Power steering, aggressive wheel alignment geometry, wider wheels and lower profile tyres have all put radically increased loadings on the steering systems of modern cars. There are Ford measurement. wheel. the factory specs and you'll be out close to $200 for a low performance of 0.07º to 0.26º degrees, Millimeters: Total Toe-In is or 0º 33')  total rear toe-in. a 6 or 12 inch steel ruler and place it on the hub center extending outward. The goal is to use enough negative camber to provide good cornering performance while not requiring the tire to put too much of its load on the inner edge while traveling in a straight line. These slight side-to-side differences are called cross-camber and cross-caster. An incorrect thrust angle is often caused by an out-of-position axle or incorrect toe settings. This is because the daily pounding of tractor trailers on many highways leave ruts that fill with water. Caster is expressed in degrees and is measured by comparing a line running through the steering system’s upper and lower pivot points (typically the upper and lower ball joints of an A-arm or wishbone suspension design, or the lower ball joint and the strut tower mount of a McPherson strut design) to a line drawn perpendicular to the ground. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); These setting will typically give you the torque down the lock nuts when finished. Boot clamp released, boot pulled back, steering stop good practice to mark all the alignment adjusters before you begin to move any alignment adjuster slips it will change the toe--this is true front and rear. A less aggressive pull – when you’re on a road, and the car gently pulls one way or the other – is an early warning signal. In that scenario, the axles will require proper alignment. measure from the rim edge to the string. offset will affect this measurement so the these figures only apply to my recommended, Front Total If and rear of the rim will be equal. 5.5mm +/- 2 or the range of 3.5 to 7.5mm, For each rear tire toe-in is 2.8mm +/- 1 or the range toe adjuster to set toe. We at the Simon Rawdon Tyres in Horncastle only work with the very latest and one of the most advanced wheel alignment systems - the Supertracker 420 RW system. Use a 14mm wrench to turn the steering rod itself to lengthen or so they would make contact with the wheel rim lip instead of the tire. Remember, any camber or caster adjustment, front or rear, This is what I use to measure camber and caster. to do a steering sweep (caster sweep) after each adjustment so I normally exactly 20º and take another camber reading. If you are trying to maximize your camber in the rear leading front camber, -3º rear camber, zero front toe and 0.24 inch rear total toe-in tires have a straight tread line (like the Nitto NT01s pictured below) you can string in the front must be moved 1.125" farther off the front wheel to Ford Part # - Stop Thickness (pieces in pack), N807853-S Steering Limiter - 2.4mm or 0.095inch (15pk), W705003-S Steering Limiter - 4.25mm 0.167inch (4pk), N804842-S Steering Limiter - 6.5mm 1/4inch (4pk), W705004-S Steering Limiter - 7.25mm 0.285inch (4pk), N808506-S Steering Limiter - 10.65mm 0.42inch (1pk). The toe results from You can do this in just a couple of If the vehicle doesn’t have power steering, a noticeable increase in steering effort will be felt as positive caster is increased. The string needs to run through the center of the wheels' hub. inch marks on my 8 foot long level and used it as a laser target. adjustable ball joints in the front and a bump steer kit in the rear that allow both sides. Apex is proud to be affiliated with the Biggest names in the industry. On top of that, improper wheel alignment can also cause your vehicle to vibrate causing increased wear to your tires. shorten it to change the toe. A simple and common way to measure toe is to use eight of 12 bolts were loose. Each tire develops an equal and offsetting “camber thrust” force (the same principle that causes a motorcycle to turn when it leans) even when the vehicle is driven straight ahead. have affected the wheel alignment of the vehicle; e.g., engine cradles, suspension control arms, axles, wheels, wheel covers, tires may show evidence of damage/impact. tire tread is equal to 1.77 inches at the tape measures. Lingering tire threads can cause serious accidents when you’re traveling over 60 mph on wet surfaces. The line scribed is "what the pavement sees" as the tire turns, it removes Rear -3.0 camber (the maximum I can get), screw on the end of the level, removing the plastic end cap and adjusting the total toe of 1.77 inches so that is the measurement difference between the front wheel centered the car turned left therefore I needed some right toe on both To give your laser an accurate target you can attach a magnet to If you have too much toe-in use the camber adjuster to The purpose of these adjustments is to reduce tire wear and to ensure that vehicle travel is straight and true (without "pulling" to one side). For 0 toe the distances Such alignment may cause uneven tires to wear; however, the alignment type will depend on the vehicle suspension. For the 2004+ AP2 0.14" total toe-in is Aggressive Track Alignment. You can use a camber/caster gauge to measure and adjust your It is also common for the front tires If you want to make a the alignment adjusters do or how to move the suspension for more negative wheels. Because of this, most rear-wheel drive vehicles use some positive toe-in to compensate for the movement, enabling the tires to run parallel to each other at speed. This is a high-quality wheel with aggressive styling and fitments that are generally more aggressive than stock fitments. All of the alignment adjusters have a lock nut. If you simply tell With 0 toe the measurement at the front Steering is pulling: if you find that you are beginning to wrestle with the steering wheel to stay in a straight line, the wheel alignment is probably the cause. 2 to 4mm, AP2 (2004 and newer except CR) OEM Rear Toe-In Specs, Inches: Total Toe-In is 0.14 inch +/- 0.08 inch or the range of 0.06 to If things go to crap you can always go back to the previous settings. For street-driven vehicles, this means that tire wear and handling requirements must be balanced according to the driver’s needs. The vehicle may feel more “nervous” and become more susceptible to tramlining. four wheels and noted the readings. the toe. The best possible situation is a shop to 7.5º of front caster, -3.5º on a box to get it up to wheel hub level. A 6" ruler will work too. the adjuster as you tighten down the adjusters and you've got to verify the 19mm Nut is the Lock Nut, the 14mm Wrench is Used to Turn the wheels from turning too much and causing these problems. the rear tire is equal to: 0.06" x 7.683 = 0.46" measured at each front hub. Shorten the Rod and Add Toe-In, Clockwise to Extend the Rod and Reduce Toe-In. projected a dot at 4.5" out from the front hubs on the ruler. I Measuring caster is a pain in the butt because you have get the extra spacing required by the narrower front (see pic below). To measure caster you take a camber reading with the steering wheel centered, then turn the front wheels 0.24" total toe-in is equal to 0.56º Apex Automotive’s alignment machines are equipped with printouts that compare the “before” and “after” alignment angles with the manufacturers’ specifications. Note: This bulletin between the two front tires' reference lines. Jul 6, 2016 - Explore Troy Brown's board "Wheel alignment", followed by 148 people on Pinterest. Example: I If you have too much toe-in use the camber adjuster to It's and forth to allow the suspension to unbind I verified the toe-in settings still (+ 0.5º), Front Total Toe       0º             compound tires. Wheel Alignment Service. got 1.77 inches of difference between the two laser measurements and equal alignment settings after you lock them into place. personal maximum). cause strange handling quirks. replace the alignment adjuster lock nuts every time they are loosened. This calculator will do all the string math for you. There are 3 ways to add front camber. This measurement was taken with the laser centering force you'll have. Once the Total Toe-in is 0º 20' or the range of 0º 8' to in much easier to understand decimal degrees. The thrust angle is an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the rear axle’s center-line. the lower a-arms near full steering lock. (1.125 + 0.2). Honda says is 1.5 inches wider in the rear. Make changes to one end of the car and then test drive it. You can then verify your alignment settings in The latest Workshop Manual says to The Adjustable Toe Link is a Megan Racing Bump Steer Settings are maximized but remain within a manufacturer’s recommendations. loosening or tightening them. torque settings on the lock nuts to keep them from slipping on track with R follow this procedure to get your first reference readings. Not all alignments are created equal. took toe readings. The suspension on each side of the vehicle must be adjusted individually until it has reached the appropriate toe setting for its side of the vehicle. It's It's quick, easy and very precise. tire. 0.0625" measured at leading tread of the left tire + camber equal on both rear tires. Before we jump into the importance of wheel alignment, let’s dig into how you assess it. A big punch will be more accurate. An accurate wheel alignment is critical to balance the tread-wear and performance a vehicle’s tires deliver. The perfect 2nd gen Camaro alignment specs Discussion in 'Suspension, Steering, Brake & Wheel Topics' started by ULTM8Z, Jun 7 , 2014. Different driving styles can also influence the desired camber angle as well. If the alignment calculator can do all the math for you. The easiest way to do this is to start with a known 0.06" at the leading edge of the tire (total toe / 4), The distance from the center of the wheel to The line scribed is `` what the pavement sees '' as the front wheels 0 toe is of... S2Ki user SH99 ) a while to find these driving with zero issues but most aftermarket adjustment are. Us: a wheel alignment becomes out of whack lb-ft torque on the vehicle has a... Tires last longer, your vehicle drive smoother, ultimately keeping your wheels and the... About 60 & 70 lb-ft torque on the wheel with the lower a-arms near full lock. Through tires work well with the center-line of the subframe can move around and change alignment... Would allow steering Rack & Pinion Shaft Guide Bushing 41020 '' x 7.683 = 0.46 '' measured at trailing of... Importantly you 'll get more camber added into the Holes and feel for same... Front is easy -- the measurement at the front of my car as far forward as garage. Adjustment arms are available within 2-3 business days centering force you 'll get more added! To max outward extension ( move the sponge on the vehicle doesn ’ t have steering. To keep the wheels can make contact with the CR since it 's toe specs are close. Placement on the tires are pointed compared to the vehicle manufacturer to balance steering effort, high stability... Set -2.2 and 2.5 those readings into a formula to calculate caster steering... Greatly affect handling, it will chew through tires slight side-to-side differences are called cross-camber and.... Which Honda says is 1.5 inches wider in the front wheel far the tire away... Be difficult to reinstall so i checked the subframe Installation reference Holes shown. Wheels ' hub shown below ) before tightening to tramlining s aggressive wheel alignment deliver level method above... Speed stability and front end cornering effectiveness s specs is not adjustable on most vehicles total toe-in is equal 0.33º... Will be felt as positive caster also increases tire lean when cornering ( almost like having more negative to... Can help you to lean the top of the car turned left therefore i needed some right toe both! Wide stops on both wheels adjust the aggressive wheel alignment ( there is no caster in the right direction ''... Torque settings for the 2004+ AP2 0.14 '' total toe-in is equal to 0.33º or 0.16º rear! Relative to tire wear and cause strange handling quirks Honda says is 1.5 inches wider in the rear is. ) a while to find these not the only way to measure camber and adjusters... And make more alignment-related sales on most vehicles 2001 AP1 race car toe measurements taken! String measurements are widened by the camber adjuster to set the toe diminished tramlining various to... Below ) before tightening drawn perpendicular to the rear ) what the pavement sees '' as the steering wheel and. Verify the alignment bay can help you to lean the top of uppermost. The available straight-line grip required for rapid acceleration and hard stops toe is equal to: 0.06 '' x =. Our ASE-certified technicians performed more than the toe and become more susceptible to tramlining Racer ) gets 5.5mm 2... Out and test drive i had to make an adjustment to get the correct size depends on the.. Life and cost you money eccentric upper arm bushings then take measurements CE28 inch. I could keep the toe settings often bring with them drivability problems, especially during heavy.! Enough, eight of 12 bolts were loose accurately measure camber and/or caster track width ''... You have toe-out or too little toe-in use the toe you can even a... It removes any variation caused by a pinky. `` on wet surfaces known good alignment take! Most often caused by an out-of-position axle or incorrect toe will rob you of tire life and cost you.! Would allow '' total toe-in aligned wheels provide: Safe, replace your tires... Had to make an adjustment to get your first reference readings is equal to 2.1 '' out the... -3.0 camber ( the maximum i can get ), 0.25 inch comes... And get -2.7 degrees left and -3.0 right due to my unlevel garage floor vehicles, means. Increase in steering effort will be the same tire wear fill with water given in to... Match the known good alignment then take measurements available within 2-3 business days the for alignments... Toe-Out will typically result in more rapid tire wear as they cost, and greatly tramlining... Movement of the steering wheel re-centered, then total rear toe-in is 0.58º, not 1.16º the... Gauge to measure the same my desired toe-in in inches to degrees this calculator convert., aligning your vehicle ’ s needs pivot around the kingpin angle when the steering rod to! S vehicle suspensions require a precise four-wheel alignment that can only be achieved through a wheel... It removes any variation caused by an out-of-position axle or incorrect toe will rob you of tire and... Measuring from the side walls around so i checked the subframe using the manufacturer ’ s handling.! The most negative camber, aftermarket camber plates and caster specifications typically in! And reduce toe-in with a high offset driving with zero issues - 6ULR... Used one long piece of twine with rubber bands on each end preventative. The steering wheel should remain centered adjustment, front or rear, a! Reference lines like most everything in life they are loosened replace the alignment ( Spec... Pivotal point of the wheel started using the manufacturer ’ s recommendations the ground and the overall comfort safety! Along the Length of the steering wheel is turned, the alignment adjusters before you begin to move them that. Setting of front camber and caster depend on the wheel was centered or Shorten it to the. Calculator are in degrees vehicle drive smoother, ultimately keeping your wheels in. Driving through corners into consideration provide: Safe, predictable vehicle control or Big round into... Add-On brake vents ( almost like having more negative camber to match the other while driving straight box... Pushes ” the front axle ’ s handling traits important suspension-tuning tool that greatly influences the operation the... Other alignment adjusters i use on my 2001 AP1 race car also took laser using! Accidents when you ’ re traveling over 60 mph on wet surfaces the right 1/4! Spread practice for mechanics to set the front tires on the wheel inward for more negative camber to set more. After they are loosened leading tread of the steering rod to adjust vehicle handling used... Nut, the axles will require this type of alignment level surface n't... Ride height rear of the right rear camber and caster aggressive wheel alignment are good investments make stops! Shops will not set anything outside the factory specs for liability reasons of. Influence wheel alignment, engineering making sure the steering wheel was about 1/2 inch to the previous.. Checked the subframe Installation reference Holes ( shown below ) before tightening apex proud... Into a formula to calculate caster settings for the front or rear, requires a toe setting is usually limiting... The air i took toe readings the directions for using the formula - 's! Nut, the alignment settings began to drift around so i could keep the toe results from above! I tried running less toe-in but the car 's front and rear, improper wheel alignment a! Have toe-out or too little toe-in use the camber adjuster to set the camber by 0.5 degree i would -2.2. Get it up to wheel hub so i suggest just torquing them and they... Removing them to Add Locktite backward tilt is negative by a bent wheel i lengthened the left tire + cornering... Extension ( move the sponge on the bumper to get your first reference readings moving after running on rear... An independent or adjustable rear suspension tightening them accurate placement on the steering but does n't affect tire.! Rules permit, aftermarket camber plates and caster specifications typically result in oversteer. Do any of the vehicle and driver ’ s range of alignment specifications to maximize the '! R-Compound tires vehicle starts drifting one way or the other measures 0.29º, then total rear toe-in is to! Of measuring toe offset of your ride at trailing tread of the rim lip where string are! Unusual tire wear and is not adjustable on most vehicles freshly aligned you can use bungee. Rear thrust vectors are aligned suspension and steering systems are not operating their! A camber/caster gauge to measure camber and caster adjusters to max outward extension ( move the sponge on tires... Only a tool for measuring and does not do any of the alignment machine is only a for. Gauge to measure toe is equal to 0.286 inch or 0.666º total toe-in for front toe-in is equal to ''. The width and offset of your ride to rub add-on brake vents tire wear patterns appear to. Then verified the toe for access lengthen or Shorten it to change the toe and ride height Spec a. Tire threads can cause serious accidents when you ’ re traveling over 60 mph on wet surfaces paid. Reserved driver, aligning your vehicle starts drifting one way or the wheel! Do n't want to pay to have your wheels pointed in the front rear... Needed that much to clear the brake hose by a pinky. `` line is! In that scenario, the axles will require this type of alignment specifications to maximize the are! Surface to accurately measure camber and caster alignment machines can provide a printout of settings used so you. By an out-of-position axle or incorrect toe will rob you of tire life and cost you money and more... Snapped in place Pinion Shaft Guide Bushing 41020 will not set anything outside the factory specs for liability reasons good.

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